Difference between revisions of "Braereth"

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===Orthographic and Phonemic Mapping===
===Orthographic and Phonemic Mapping===
While all dialects of Braereth may be written in the classical orthography, there is also a [[Eomentesa#Spelling Reform|reform spelling of Eomentesa]], presented here in angled-brackets (⟪ ⟫) in the Eom. column where the spelling differs from the traditional. Tenibvreth is written in the classical orthography, though final vowels are often elided, and certain folk spellings have become common where pronunciation has changed, e.g. ⟪floura⟫ for '''''[[flora#Braereth|flora]]''''', or substituting ⟨qv⟩ for ⟨qu⟩ ('''''[[ecquilju#Braereth|ecquilju]]''''' → ⟪ecqvilj⟫) or ⟨i⟩ for ⟨ei⟩ ('''''[[treice#Braereth|treice]]''''' → ⟪tric’⟫). When final vowels are dropped, final ⟨e⟩ will often become ⟨’⟩ to indicate palatalization ('''''[[grande#Braereth|grande]]''''' → ⟪grand’⟫), and sometimes final ⟨tu⟩ will be changed to ⟨th⟩ ('''''[[tutu#Braereth|tutu]]''''' → ⟪tuth⟫).
While all dialects of Braereth may be written in the classical orthography, in Tenibvreth final vowels are often elided, and certain folk spellings have become common where pronunciation has changed, e.g. ⟨floura⟩ for '''''[[flora#Braereth|flora]]''''', or substituting ⟨qv⟩ for ⟨qu⟩ ('''''[[ecquilju#Braereth|ecquilju]]''''' → ⟨ecqvil’⟩). When final vowels are dropped, final ⟨e⟩ often becomes ⟨’⟩ to indicate palatalization ('''''[[grande#Braereth|grande]]''''' → ⟨grand’⟩), and sometimes final ⟨tu⟩ will be changed to ⟨th⟩ ('''''[[tutu#Braereth|tutu]]''''' → ⟨tuth⟩).
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!width=50| Orth.
!width=50| Orth.
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| [ˈlae̯c.ʨe]
| [ˈlae̯c.ʨe]
| ⟪'''''[[laect’#Tenibvreth|laect’]]'''''⟫<br />[lai̯kɕ]
| ⟪'''''[[laect’#Tenibvreth|laect’]]'''''⟫<br />[lai̯kɕ]
| ⟪'''''[[létx#Eomentesa|létx]]'''''⟫<br />[le̞ːʧ]
| ⟨'''''[[létx#Eomentesa|létx]]'''''⟩<br />[le̞ːʧ]
| ⟪'''''[[larits#Merolinian|larits]]'''''⟫<br />[laˈrits]
| ⧼'''''[[larits#Merolinian|larits]]'''''⧽<br />[laˈrits]
|style="text-align: left;"| In Merolinian, /l/ is inserted between the vowels of earlier diphthongs. If /l/ is already present in an adjacent syllable, /r/ is inserted instead. If both /l/ and /r/ are present, things get weird.
|style="text-align: left;"| In Merolinian, /l/ is inserted between the vowels of earlier diphthongs. If /l/ is already present in an adjacent syllable, /r/ is inserted instead. If both /l/ and /r/ are present, things get weird.
|-
|-
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| [sau̯]
| [sau̯]
| [sau̯]
| [sau̯]
| ⟪'''''[[sao#Eomentesa|sao]]'''''⟫<br />[sa.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[sao#Eomentesa|sao]]'''''⟩<br />[sa.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[salu#Merolinian|salu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈsæ.lu]
| ⧼'''''[[salu#Merolinian|salu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈsæ.lu]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-finally in stressed monosyllabic words. See additional notes at ⟨ae⟩.
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-finally in stressed monosyllabic words. See additional notes at ⟨ae⟩.
|-
|-
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| [ˈau̯.bβru]
| [ˈau̯.bβru]
| ⟪'''''[[aubvr#Tenibvreth|aubvr]]'''''⟫<br />[au̯vʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[aubvr#Tenibvreth|aubvr]]'''''⟫<br />[au̯vʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[auvro#Eomentesa|auvro]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈau.vro̞]
| ⟨'''''[[auvro#Eomentesa|auvro]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈau.vro̞]
| ⟪'''''[[alubru#Merolinian|alubru]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈæ.lu.bru]
| ⧼'''''[[alubru#Merolinian|alubru]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈæ.lu.bru]
|style="text-align: left;"|  See notes at ⟨ae⟩.
|style="text-align: left;"|  See notes at ⟨ae⟩.
|-
|-
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| [ˈbak.lu]
| [ˈbak.lu]
| ⟪'''''[[bacl#Tenibvreth|bacl]]'''''⟫<br />[bakɬ]
| ⟪'''''[[bacl#Tenibvreth|bacl]]'''''⟫<br />[bakɬ]
| ⟪'''''[[baclo#Eomentesa|baclo]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈba.klo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[baclo#Eomentesa|baclo]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈba.klo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[paclu#Merolinian|paclu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpæk.lu]
| ⧼'''''[[paclu#Merolinian|paclu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈpæk.lu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ri.bβeu̯]
| [ri.bβeu̯]
| [riˈveu̯]
| [riˈveu̯]
| ⟪'''''[[reveo#Eomentesa|reveo]]'''''⟫<br />[re̞ˈve̞.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[reveo#Eomentesa|reveo]]'''''⟩<br />[re̞ˈve̞.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[ribelu#Merolinian|ribelu]]'''''⟫<br />[riˈbe.lu]
| ⧼'''''[[ribelu#Merolinian|ribelu]]'''''⧽<br />[riˈbe.lu]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-internally.
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-internally.
|-
|-
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| [ˈkou̯.ru]
| [ˈkou̯.ru]
| ⟪'''''[[cour#Tenibvreth|cour]]'''''⟫<br />[kuʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[cour#Tenibvreth|cour]]'''''⟫<br />[kuʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[coro#Eomentesa|coro]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈko̞.ro̞]
| ⟨'''''[[coro#Eomentesa|coro]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈko̞.ro̞]
| [ˈky.ru]
| [ˈky.ru]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
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| /diˈʧe.re/
| /diˈʧe.re/
| [diˈcçe.re]
| [diˈcçe.re]
| ⟪'''''[[dicer#Tenibvreth|dicer]]'''''⟫<br />[diˈʨer̝]
| ⟪'''''[[dicer#Tenibvreth|dicer]]'''''⟫<br />[diˈʨeʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[ditxer#Eomentesa|ditxer]]'''''⟫<br />[diˈʧe̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[ditxer#Eomentesa|ditxer]]'''''⟩<br />[diˈʧe̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[titsel#Merolinian|titsel]]'''''⟫<br />[tiˈʦel]
| ⧼'''''[[titsel#Merolinian|titsel]]'''''⧽<br />[tiˈʦel]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|-
|-
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| [raˈʥi.cça]
| [raˈʥi.cça]
| [raˈʥi.ʨə]
| [raˈʥi.ʨə]
| ⟪'''''[[radjitxa#Eomentesa|radjitxa]]'''''⟫<br />[raˈʤi.ʧa]
| ⟨'''''[[radjitxa#Eomentesa|radjitxa]]'''''⟩<br />[raˈʤi.ʧa]
| ⟪'''''[[radzitsa#Merolinian|radzitsa]]'''''⟫<br />[ræˈʣi.ʦa]
| ⧼'''''[[radzitsa#Merolinian|radzitsa]]'''''⧽<br />[ræˈʣi.ʦa]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈfrui̯c.ʨu]
| [ˈfrui̯c.ʨu]
| ⟪'''''[[fruict’#Tenibvreth|fruict’]]'''''⟫<br />[frui̯kɕ]
| ⟪'''''[[fruict’#Tenibvreth|fruict’]]'''''⟫<br />[frui̯kɕ]
| ⟪'''''[[frútxo#Eomentesa|frútxo]]'''''⟫<br />[fruːʧo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[frútxo#Eomentesa|frútxo]]'''''⟩<br />[fruːʧo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[prútsu#Merolinian|prútsu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpruː.ʦu]
| ⧼'''''[[prútsu#Merolinian|prútsu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈpruː.ʦu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈden.te]
| [ˈden.te]
| ⟪'''''[[dent’#Tenibvreth|dent’]]'''''⟫<br />[denʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[dent’#Tenibvreth|dent’]]'''''⟫<br />[denʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[dent#Eomentesa|dent]]'''''⟫<br />[de̞nt]
| ⟨'''''[[dent#Eomentesa|dent]]'''''⟩<br />[de̞nt]
| ⟪'''''[[tents#Merolinian|tents]]'''''⟫<br />[tenʦ]
| ⧼'''''[[tents#Merolinian|tents]]'''''⧽<br />[tenʦ]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈcçau̯.ðu]
| [ˈcçau̯.ðu]
| ⟪'''''[[cjaud#Tenibvreth|cjaud]]'''''⟫<br />[ʨau̯ð]
| ⟪'''''[[cjaud#Tenibvreth|cjaud]]'''''⟫<br />[ʨau̯ð]
| ⟪'''''[[xaudo#Eomentesa|xaudo]]'''''⟫<br />[ʃau̯.ðo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[xaudo#Eomentesa|xaudo]]'''''⟩<br />[ʃau̯.ðo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[salutu#Merolinian|salutu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈsæ.lu.tu]
| ⧼'''''[[salutu#Merolinian|salutu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈsæ.lu.tu]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/S_S'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/S_S'''
|-
|-
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| [koˈʥa]
| [koˈʥa]
| [koˈʥa]
| [koˈʥa]
| ⟪'''''[[codjà#Eomentesa|codjà]]'''''⟫<br />[ko̞ˈʤa]
| ⟨'''''[[codjà#Eomentesa|codjà]]'''''⟩<br />[ko̞ˈʤa]
| ⟪'''''[[codzà#Merolinian|codzà]]'''''⟫<br />[koˈʣæ]
| ⧼'''''[[codzà#Merolinian|codzà]]'''''⧽<br />[koˈʣæ]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [eˈste.ʎa]
| [eˈste.ʎa]
| [eˈste.ɮə]
| [eˈste.ɮə]
| ⟪'''''[[estelia#Eomentesa|estelia]]'''''⟫<br />[e̞ˈste̞.li.a]
| ⟨'''''[[estelia#Eomentesa|estelia]]'''''⟩<br />[e̞ˈste̞.li.a]
| ⟪'''''[[estrelia#Merolinian|estrelia]]'''''⟫<br />[eˈstɾe.li.a]
| ⧼'''''[[estrelia#Merolinian|estrelia]]'''''⧽<br />[eˈstɾe.li.a]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈdei̯.cçe]
| [ˈdei̯.cçe]
| ⟪'''''[[deic’#Tenibvreth|deic’]]'''''⟫<br />[diʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[deic’#Tenibvreth|deic’]]'''''⟫<br />[diʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[détx#Eomentesa|détx]]'''''⟫<br />[de̞ːʧ]
| ⟨'''''[[détx#Eomentesa|détx]]'''''⟩<br />[de̞ːʧ]
| ⟪'''''[[tírts#Merolinian|tírts]]'''''⟫<br />[tiːrʦ]
| ⧼'''''[[tírts#Merolinian|tírts]]'''''⧽<br />[tiːrʦ]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [beu̯]
| [beu̯]
| [beu̯]
| [beu̯]
| ⟪'''''[[beo#Eomentesa|beo]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈbe̞.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[beo#Eomentesa|beo]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈbe̞.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[pelu#Merolinian|pelu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpe.lu]
| ⧼'''''[[pelu#Merolinian|pelu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈpe.lu]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-finally in unstressed monosyllabic words.
|style="text-align: left;"| Only occurs word-finally in unstressed monosyllabic words.
|-
|-
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| /ˈseu̯.va/
| /ˈseu̯.va/
| [ˈseu̯.va]
| [ˈseu̯.va]
| ⟪'''''[[seluba#Merolinian|seluba]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈse.lu.ba]
| ⟨'''''[[seluba#Merolinian|seluba]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈse.lu.ba]
| [ˈseu̯və]
| [ˈseu̯və]
| [ˈse̞u̯.va]
| [ˈse̞u̯.va]
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| [ˈfo.ʎa]
| [ˈfo.ʎa]
| [ˈfo.ɮə]
| [ˈfo.ɮə]
| ⟪'''''[[folia#Eomentesa|folia]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈfo̞.li.a]
| ⟨'''''[[folia#Eomentesa|folia]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈfo̞.li.a]
| ⟪'''''[[polia#Merolinian|polia]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpo.li.a]
| ⧼'''''[[polia#Merolinian|polia]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈpo.li.a]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈɡro.stu]
| [ˈɡro.stu]
| ⟪'''''[[grost#Tenibvreth|grost]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈɡrost]
| ⟪'''''[[grost#Tenibvreth|grost]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈɡrost]
| ⟪'''''[[grosto#Eomentesa|grosto]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈɡro̞s.to̞]
| ⟨'''''[[grosto#Eomentesa|grosto]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈɡro̞s.to̞]
| ⟪'''''[[crostu#Merolinian|crostu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈkro.stu]
| ⧼'''''[[crostu#Merolinian|crostu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈkro.stu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| /tɾaˈʤe.re/
| /tɾaˈʤe.re/
| [tɾaˈɟʝe.re]
| [tɾaˈɟʝe.re]
| ⟪'''''[[trager#Tenibvreth|trager]]'''''⟫<br />[tɾaˈʥer̝]
| ⟪'''''[[trager#Tenibvreth|trager]]'''''⟫<br />[tɾaˈʥeʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[tradjer#Eomentesa|tradjer]]'''''⟫<br />[tɾaˈʤe̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[tradjer#Eomentesa|tradjer]]'''''⟩<br />[tɾaˈʤe̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[tradzel#Merolinian|tradzel]]'''''⟫<br />[tɾaˈʣel]
| ⧼'''''[[tradzel#Merolinian|tradzel]]'''''⧽<br />[tɾaˈʣel]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|-
|-
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| /o.bliˈʤa.re/
| /o.bliˈʤa.re/
| [o.bliˈɟʝa.re]
| [o.bliˈɟʝa.re]
| ⟪'''''[[obligjar#Tenibvreth|obligjar]]'''''⟫<br />[o.bliˈʥar̝]
| ⟪'''''[[obligjar#Tenibvreth|obligjar]]'''''⟫<br />[o.bliˈʥaʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[oblidjar#Eomentesa|oblidjar]]'''''⟫<br />[o̞b.liˈʤar]
| ⟨'''''[[oblidjar#Eomentesa|oblidjar]]'''''⟩<br />[o̞b.liˈʤar]
| ⟪'''''[[oplidzal#Merolinian|oplidzal]]'''''⟫<br />[o.pliˈʣal]
| ⧼'''''[[oplidzal#Merolinian|oplidzal]]'''''⧽<br />[o.pliˈʣal]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈmaŋ.nu]
| [ˈmaŋ.nu]
| ⟪'''''[[magn#Tenibvreth|magn]]'''''⟫<br />[maŋn]
| ⟪'''''[[magn#Tenibvreth|magn]]'''''⟫<br />[maŋn]
| ⟪'''''[[mangano#Eomentesa|mangano]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈmaŋ.ɡa.no̞]
| ⟨'''''[[mangano#Eomentesa|mangano]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈmaŋ.ɡa.no̞]
| ⟪'''''[[manclu#Merolinian|manclu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈmæŋ.klu]
| ⧼'''''[[manclu#Merolinian|manclu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈmæŋ.klu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈiŋ.ɲu]
| [ˈiŋ.ɲu]
| ⟪'''''[[ign’#Tenibvreth|ign’]]'''''⟫<br />[iŋɲ]
| ⟪'''''[[ign’#Tenibvreth|ign’]]'''''⟫<br />[iŋɲ]
| ⟪'''''[[inio#Eomentesa|inio]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈi.ni.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[inio#Eomentesa|inio]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈi.ni.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[incliu#Merolinian|incliu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈiŋ.kli.u]
| ⧼'''''[[incliu#Merolinian|incliu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈiŋ.kli.u]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈi.ʎis]
| [ˈi.ʎis]
| [ˈi.ɮis]
| [ˈi.ɮis]
| ⟪'''''[[ilis#Eomentesa|ilis]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈi.lis]
| ⟨'''''[[ilis#Eomentesa|ilis]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈi.lis]
| ⟪'''''[[ilis#Merolinian|ilis]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈi.lis]
| ⧼'''''[[ilis#Merolinian|ilis]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈi.lis]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈje.kru]
| [ˈje.kru]
| ⟪'''''[[iecr#Tenibvreth|iecr]]'''''⟫<br />[jekʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[iecr#Tenibvreth|iecr]]'''''⟫<br />[jekʀ]
| ⟪'''''[[iecro#Eomentesa|iecro]]'''''⟫<br />[iˈe̞.kro̞]
| ⟨'''''[[iecro#Eomentesa|iecro]]'''''⟩<br />[iˈe̞.kro̞]
| [iˈe.kru]
| [iˈe.kru]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_V''' ('''!_/u/''')
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_V''' ('''!_/u/''')
Line 479: Line 479:
| [ˈflu.viu̯]
| [ˈflu.viu̯]
| [ˈfɬu.viu̯]
| [ˈfɬu.viu̯]
| ⟪'''''[[fluvio#Eomentesa|fluvio]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈflu.vi.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[fluvio#Eomentesa|fluvio]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈflu.vi.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[plubiu#Merolinian|plubiu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈply.bi.u]
| ⧼'''''[[plubiu#Merolinian|plubiu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈply.bi.u]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈla.pi.ðe]
| [ˈla.pi.ðe]
| ⟪'''''[[lapid’#Tenibvreth|lapid’]]'''''⟫<br />[lap]
| ⟪'''''[[lapid’#Tenibvreth|lapid’]]'''''⟫<br />[lap]
| ⟪'''''[[lapid#Eomentesa|lapid]]'''''⟫<br />[lap]
| ⟨'''''[[lapid#Eomentesa|lapid]]'''''⟩<br />[lap]
| ⟪'''''[[lapits#Merolinian|lapits]]'''''⟫<br />[læp]
| ⧼'''''[[lapits#Merolinian|lapits]]'''''⧽<br />[læp]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
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| [ˈa.ʎis]
| [ˈa.ʎis]
| [ˈa.ɮis]
| [ˈa.ɮis]
| ⟪'''''[[alio#Eomentesa|alio]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈa.li.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[alio#Eomentesa|alio]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈa.li.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[aliu#Merolinian|aliu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈæ.li.u]
| ⧼'''''[[aliu#Merolinian|aliu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈæ.li.u]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 511: Line 511:
| /muˈri.re/
| /muˈri.re/
| [muˈri.re]
| [muˈri.re]
| ⟪'''''[[mourir#Tenibvreth|mourir]]'''''⟫<br />[muˈrir̝]
| ⟪'''''[[mourir#Tenibvreth|mourir]]'''''⟫<br />[muˈriʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[morir#Eomentesa|morir]]'''''⟫<br />[mo̞ˈrir]
| ⟨'''''[[morir#Eomentesa|morir]]'''''⟩<br />[mo̞ˈrir]
| ⟪'''''[[muril#Merolinian|muril]]'''''⟫<br />[myˈril]
| ⧼'''''[[muril#Merolinian|muril]]'''''⧽<br />[myˈril]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 522: Line 522:
| /nasˈʧe.re/
| /nasˈʧe.re/
| [nasˈcçe.re]
| [nasˈcçe.re]
| ⟪'''''[[nascer#Tenibvreth|nascer]]'''''⟫<br />[nasˈʨer̝]
| ⟪'''''[[nascer#Tenibvreth|nascer]]'''''⟫<br />[nasˈʨeʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[naxer#Eomentesa|naxer]]'''''⟫<br />[naˈʃe̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[naxer#Eomentesa|naxer]]'''''⟩<br />[naˈʃe̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[nastsel#Merolinian|nastsel]]'''''⟫<br />[næsˈʦel]
| ⧼'''''[[nastsel#Merolinian|nastsel]]'''''⧽<br />[næsˈʦel]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 534: Line 534:
| [ˈɟʝiŋ.klu]
| [ˈɟʝiŋ.klu]
| ⟪'''''[[gincl#Tenibvreth|gincl]]'''''⟫<br />[ʥiŋkɬ]
| ⟪'''''[[gincl#Tenibvreth|gincl]]'''''⟫<br />[ʥiŋkɬ]
| ⟪'''''[[jinclo#Eomentesa|jinclo]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈʒiŋ.klo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[jinclo#Eomentesa|jinclo]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈʒiŋ.klo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[zinclu#Merolinian|zinclu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈziŋ.klu]
| ⧼'''''[[zinclu#Merolinian|zinclu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈziŋ.klu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 545: Line 545:
| [ˈluŋ.ɡu]
| [ˈluŋ.ɡu]
| ⟪'''''[[loung#Tenibvreth|loung]]'''''⟫<br />[luŋɡ]
| ⟪'''''[[loung#Tenibvreth|loung]]'''''⟫<br />[luŋɡ]
| ⟪'''''[[longo#Eomentesa|longo]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈlo̞ŋ.ɡo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[longo#Eomentesa|longo]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈlo̞ŋ.ɡo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[luncu#Merolinian|luncu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈlyŋ.ku]
| ⧼'''''[[luncu#Merolinian|luncu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈlyŋ.ku]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 554: Line 554:
| /punˈʤe.re/
| /punˈʤe.re/
| [punˈɟʝe.re]
| [punˈɟʝe.re]
| ⟪'''''[[punger#Tenibvreth|punger]]'''''⟫<br />[puŋ.ɡʑer̝]
| ⟪'''''[[punger#Tenibvreth|punger]]'''''⟫<br />[puŋ.ɡʑeʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[pundjer#Eomentesa|pundjer]]'''''⟫<br />[punˈʤe̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[pundjer#Eomentesa|pundjer]]'''''⟩<br />[punˈʤe̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[pundzel#Merolinian|pundzel]]'''''⟫<br />[pynˈʣel]
| ⧼'''''[[pundzel#Merolinian|pundzel]]'''''⧽<br />[pynˈʣel]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/_{i,e'''
|-
|-
Line 565: Line 565:
| /meɲˈʤa.re/
| /meɲˈʤa.re/
| [meɲˈɟʝa.re]
| [meɲˈɟʝa.re]
| ⟪'''''[[mengjar#Tenibvreth|mengjar]]'''''⟫<br />[meŋˈɡʑar̝]
| ⟪'''''[[mengjar#Tenibvreth|mengjar]]'''''⟫<br />[meŋˈɡʑaʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[mandjar#Eomentesa|mandjar]]'''''⟫<br />[manˈʤar]
| ⟨'''''[[mandjar#Eomentesa|mandjar]]'''''⟩<br />[manˈʤar]
| ⟪'''''[[mendzal#Merolinian|mendzal]]'''''⟫<br />[menˈʣal]
| ⧼'''''[[mendzal#Merolinian|mendzal]]'''''⧽<br />[menˈʣal]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 577: Line 577:
| [ˈa.ɲu]
| [ˈa.ɲu]
| ⟪'''''[[an’#Tenibvreth|an’]]'''''⟫<br />[aɲ]
| ⟪'''''[[an’#Tenibvreth|an’]]'''''⟫<br />[aɲ]
| ⟪'''''[[anio#Eomentesa|anio]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈa.ni.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[anio#Eomentesa|anio]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈa.ni.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[aniu#Merolinian|aniu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈæ.ni.u]
| ⧼'''''[[aniu#Merolinian|aniu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈæ.ni.u]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 588: Line 588:
| [ˈo.stu]
| [ˈo.stu]
| [ˈost]
| [ˈost]
| ⟪'''''[[osto#Eomentesa|osto]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈo̞.sto̞]
| ⟨'''''[[osto#Eomentesa|osto]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈo̞.sto̞]
| ⟪'''''[[ustu#Merolinian|ustu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈu.stu]
| ⧼'''''[[ustu#Merolinian|ustu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈu.stu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 599: Line 599:
| [ˈu.vu]
| [ˈu.vu]
| ⟪'''''[[uv#Tenibvreth|ouv]]'''''⟫<br />[uv]
| ⟪'''''[[uv#Tenibvreth|ouv]]'''''⟫<br />[uv]
| ⟪'''''[[ovo#Eomentesa|ovo]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈo̞.vo̞]
| ⟨'''''[[ovo#Eomentesa|ovo]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈo̞.vo̞]
| ⟪'''''[[ubu#Merolinian|ubu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈy.bu]
| ⧼'''''[[ubu#Merolinian|ubu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈy.bu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 610: Line 610:
| [ˈpe.ʎu]
| [ˈpe.ʎu]
| ⟪'''''[[pel’#Tenibvreth|pel’]]'''''⟫<br />[peʎ]
| ⟪'''''[[pel’#Tenibvreth|pel’]]'''''⟫<br />[peʎ]
| ⟪'''''[[pelio#Eomentesa|pelio]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpe̞.li.o̞]
| ⟨'''''[[pelio#Eomentesa|pelio]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈpe̞.li.o̞]
| ⟪'''''[[peliu#Merolinian|peliu]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈpe.li.u]
| ⧼'''''[[peliu#Merolinian|peliu]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈpe.li.u]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 621: Line 621:
| [ˈax.ma]
| [ˈax.ma]
| [ˈaχ.mə]
| [ˈaχ.mə]
| ⟪'''''[[ahma#Eomentesa|ahma]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈaç.ma]
| ⟨'''''[[ahma#Eomentesa|ahma]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈaç.ma]
| [ˈæʀ.ma]
| [ˈæʀ.ma]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings.
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings.
Line 632: Line 632:
| [kwei̯]
| [kwei̯]
| ⟪'''''[[qvei#Tenibvreth|qvei]]'''''⟫<br />[kʋi]
| ⟪'''''[[qvei#Tenibvreth|qvei]]'''''⟫<br />[kʋi]
| ⟪'''''[[cue#Eomentesa|cue]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈku.e̞]
| ⟨'''''[[cue#Eomentesa|cue]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈku.e̞]
| ⟪'''''[[qui#Merolinian|qui]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈku.i]
| ⧼'''''[[qui#Merolinian|qui]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈku.i]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 642: Line 642:
| /riˈde.re/
| /riˈde.re/
| [riˈde.re]
| [riˈde.re]
| ⟪'''''[[rider#Tenibvreth|rider]]'''''⟫<br />[riˈðer̝]
| ⟪'''''[[rider#Tenibvreth|rider]]'''''⟫<br />[riˈðeʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[rider#Eomentesa|rider]]'''''⟫<br />[riˈðe̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[rider#Eomentesa|rider]]'''''⟩<br />[riˈðe̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[ritel#Merolinian|ritel]]'''''⟫<br />[riˈtel]
| ⧼'''''[[ritel#Merolinian|ritel]]'''''⧽<br />[riˈtel]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 652: Line 652:
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[terja#Braereth|terja]]'''''<br />‘earth’
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[terja#Braereth|terja]]'''''<br />‘earth’
| /ˈte.r̝a/
| /ˈte.r̝a/
| [ˈte.r̝a]
| [ˈte.r̝ə]
| [ˈte.r̝ə]
| ⟪'''''[[teria#Eomentesa|teria]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈte̞.ri.a]
| [ˈte.ʐa]
| ⟪'''''[[teria#Merolinian|teria]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈte.ri.a]
| ⟨'''''[[teria#Eomentesa|teria]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈte̞.ri.a]
| ⧼'''''[[teria#Merolinian|teria]]'''''⧽<br />[ˈte.ri.a]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 664: Line 664:
| /seˈʧa.re/
| /seˈʧa.re/
| [seˈcça.re]
| [seˈcça.re]
| ⟪'''''[[secjar#Tenibvreth|secjar]]'''''⟫<br />[seˈʨar̝]
| ⟪'''''[[secjar#Tenibvreth|secjar]]'''''⟫<br />[seˈʨaʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[setxar#Eomentesa|setxar]]'''''⟫<br />[se̞ˈʧar]
| ⟨'''''[[setxar#Eomentesa|setxar]]'''''⟩<br />[se̞ˈʧar]
| ⟪'''''[[setsal#Merolinian|setsal]]'''''⟫<br />[seˈʦal]
| ⧼'''''[[setsal#Merolinian|setsal]]'''''⧽<br />[seˈʦal]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 675: Line 675:
| [eˈspu.za]
| [eˈspu.za]
| [eˈspu.zə]
| [eˈspu.zə]
| ⟪'''''[[espuza#Eomentesa|espuza]]'''''⟫<br />[e̞ˈspu.za]
| ⟨'''''[[espuza#Eomentesa|espuza]]'''''⟩<br />[e̞ˈspu.za]
| ⟪'''''[[espuza#Merolinian|espuza]]'''''⟫<br />[eˈspy.za]
| ⧼'''''[[espuza#Merolinian|espuza]]'''''⧽<br />[eˈspy.za]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/V_V'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/V_V'''
|-
|-
Line 686: Line 686:
| [ˈɕi]
| [ˈɕi]
| [ɕi]
| [ɕi]
| ⟪'''''[[xi#Eomentesa|xi]]'''''⟫<br />[ʃi]
| ⟨'''''[[xi#Eomentesa|xi]]'''''⟩<br />[ʃi]
| ⟪'''''[[si#Merolinian|si]]'''''⟫<br />[si]
| ⧼'''''[[si#Merolinian|si]]'''''⧽<br />[si]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 697: Line 697:
| [ˈtu.tu]
| [ˈtu.tu]
| ⟪'''''[[tuth#Tenibvreth|tuth]]'''''⟫<br />[tuθ]
| ⟪'''''[[tuth#Tenibvreth|tuth]]'''''⟫<br />[tuθ]
| ⟪'''''[[tuto#Eomentesa|tuto]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈtu.to̞]
| ⟨'''''[[tuto#Eomentesa|tuto]]'''''⟩<br />[ˈtu.to̞]
| [ˈty.tu]
| [ˈty.tu]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
Line 707: Line 707:
| /eθ/
| /eθ/
| [eθ]
| [eθ]
| ⟪'''''[[et’#Merolinian|et’]]'''''⟫<br />[et’]
| ⧼'''''[[et’#Merolinian|et’]]'''''⧽<br />[et’]
| [eθ]
| [eθ]
| [e̞θ]
| [e̞θ]
Line 719: Line 719:
| [ˈse.ʨe]
| [ˈse.ʨe]
| ⟪'''''[[set’#Tenibvreth|set’]]'''''⟫<br />[seʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[set’#Tenibvreth|set’]]'''''⟫<br />[seʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[setx#Eomentesa|setx]]'''''⟫<br />[se̞ʧ]
| ⟨'''''[[setx#Eomentesa|setx]]'''''⟩<br />[se̞ʧ]
| ⟪'''''[[sets#Merolinian|sets]]'''''⟫<br />[seʦ]
| ⧼'''''[[sets#Merolinian|sets]]'''''⧽<br />[seʦ]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 730: Line 730:
| [ˈʦiɲ.cçe]
| [ˈʦiɲ.cçe]
| ⟪'''''[[tzinc’#Tenibvreth|tzinc’]]'''''⟫<br />[ʦinʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[tzinc’#Tenibvreth|tzinc’]]'''''⟫<br />[ʦinʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[sintx#Eomentesa|sintx]]'''''⟫<br />[sinʧ]
| ⟨'''''[[sintx#Eomentesa|sintx]]'''''⟩<br />[sinʧ]
| ⟪'''''[[sints#Merolinian|sints]]'''''⟫<br />[sinʦ]
| ⧼'''''[[sints#Merolinian|sints]]'''''⧽<br />[sinʦ]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/#_'''
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/#_'''
|-
|-
Line 740: Line 740:
| [piˈʣi.tu]
| [piˈʣi.tu]
| ⟪'''''[[pitzith#Tenibvreth|pitzith]]'''''⟫<br />[piˈʣiθ]
| ⟪'''''[[pitzith#Tenibvreth|pitzith]]'''''⟫<br />[piˈʣiθ]
| ⟪'''''[[pedzito#Eomentesa|pedzito]]'''''⟫<br />[pe̞ˈʣi.to̞]
| ⟨'''''[[pedzito#Eomentesa|pedzito]]'''''⟩<br />[pe̞ˈʣi.to̞]
| ⟪'''''[[pidzitu#Merolinian|pidzitu]]'''''⟫<br />[piˈʣi.tu]
| ⧼'''''[[pidzitu#Merolinian|pidzitu]]'''''⧽<br />[piˈʣi.tu]
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/S_S''' ('''!/n/_''')
|style="text-align: left;"| '''/S_S''' ('''!/n/_''')
|-
|-
Line 751: Line 751:
| [ˈuɲ.cçe]
| [ˈuɲ.cçe]
| ⟪'''''[[unc’#Tenibvreth|unc’]]'''''⟫<br />[unʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[unc’#Tenibvreth|unc’]]'''''⟫<br />[unʨ]
| ⟪'''''[[untx#Eomentesa|untx]]'''''⟫<br />[unʧ]
| ⟨'''''[[untx#Eomentesa|untx]]'''''⟩<br />[unʧ]
| ⟪'''''[[unts#Merolinian|unts]]'''''⟫<br />[ynʦ]
| ⧼'''''[[unts#Merolinian|unts]]'''''⧽<br />[ynʦ]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 761: Line 761:
| /lujkˈʧa.re/
| /lujkˈʧa.re/
| [lui̯kˈʨa.re]
| [lui̯kˈʨa.re]
| ⟪'''''[[luictjar#Tenibvreth|luictjar]]'''''⟫<br />[lui̯kˈɕar̝]
| ⟪'''''[[luictjar#Tenibvreth|luictjar]]'''''⟫<br />[lui̯kˈɕaʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[lútxar#Eomentesa|lútxar]]'''''⟫<br />[luːˈʧar]
| ⟨'''''[[lútxar#Eomentesa|lútxar]]'''''⟩<br />[luːˈʧar]
| ⟪'''''[[lútsal#Merolinian|lútsal]]'''''⟫<br />[luːˈʦal]
| ⧼'''''[[lútsal#Merolinian|lútsal]]'''''⧽<br />[luːˈʦal]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 772: Line 772:
| /vuˈle.re/
| /vuˈle.re/
| [vou̯ˈle.re]
| [vou̯ˈle.re]
| ⟪'''''[[vuler#Tenibvreth|vuler]]'''''⟫<br />[vuˈler̝]
| ⟪'''''[[vuler#Tenibvreth|vuler]]'''''⟫<br />[vuˈleʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[voler#Eomentesa|voler]]'''''⟫<br />[vo̞ˈle̞r]
| ⟨'''''[[voler#Eomentesa|voler]]'''''⟩<br />[vo̞ˈle̞r]
| ⟪'''''[[burel#Merolinian|burel]]'''''⟫<br />[buˈrel]
| ⧼'''''[[burel#Merolinian|burel]]'''''⧽<br />[buˈrel]
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|style="text-align: left;"| &nbsp;
|-
|-
Line 784: Line 784:
| [iˈʎa]
| [iˈʎa]
| [iˈɮa]
| [iˈɮa]
| ⟪'''''[[alià#Eomentesa|alià]]'''''⟫<br />[a.liˈa]
| ⟨'''''[[alià#Eomentesa|alià]]'''''⟩<br />[a.liˈa]
| ⟪'''''[[alià#Merolinian|alià]]'''''⟫<br />[a.liˈa]
| ⧼'''''[[alià#Merolinian|alià]]'''''⧽<br />[a.liˈa]
|style="text-align: left;"| Indicates unexpected stress. (Eomentesa reform script uses a grave diacritic.)
|style="text-align: left;"| Indicates unexpected stress. (Eomentesa reform script uses a grave diacritic.)
|-
|-
Line 795: Line 795:
| [ˈkwa.zi.na]
| [ˈkwa.zi.na]
| ⟪'''''[[qvazjina#Tenibvreth|qvazina]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈkʋa.ʑnə]
| ⟪'''''[[qvazjina#Tenibvreth|qvazina]]'''''⟫<br />[ˈkʋa.ʑnə]
| ⟪'''''[[cuazina#Eomentesa|cuazina]]'''''⟫<br />[kuˈa.zi.na]
| ⟨'''''[[cuazina#Eomentesa|cuazina]]'''''⟩<br />[kuˈa.zi.na]
| [kuˈa.zi.na]
| [kuˈa.zi.na]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings and the digraph ⟨tz⟩.  
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings and the digraph ⟨tz⟩.  
Line 805: Line 805:
| /freˈʒi.re/
| /freˈʒi.re/
| [freˈʑi.re]
| [freˈʑi.re]
| ⟪'''''[[frezjir#Tenibvreth|frezjir]]'''''⟫<br />[freˈʑir̝]
| ⟪'''''[[frezjir#Tenibvreth|frezjir]]'''''⟫<br />[freˈʑiʐ]
| ⟪'''''[[frejir#Eomentesa|frejir]]'''''⟫<br />[fre̞ˈʒir]
| ⟨'''''[[frejir#Eomentesa|frejir]]'''''⟩<br />[fre̞ˈʒir]
| ⟪'''''[[prezil#Merolinian|prezil]]'''''⟫<br />[preˈzil]
| ⧼'''''[[prezil#Merolinian|prezil]]'''''⧽<br />[preˈzil]
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings.
|style="text-align: left;"| Only in borrowings.
|}
|}

Revision as of 13:01, 6 October 2022

Braereth is a collection of four fairly mutually intelligible dialects. Classical Braereth was a Western Romance language spoken in pockets of mountainous areas from the Alps to the Carpathians until the mid-sixteenth century.

For the purposes of this text, we will mainly use the classical spelling of the language (italicized where applicable, e.g. ginte ‘people’); single brackets around words are indicative of the Eomentesa spelling reform (e.g. ⟨jint⟩ ‘people’). Double-brackets indicate Tenibvreth “slang” spellings (e.g. ⟪gint’⟫ ‘people’. Finally, words rendered in the Merineth dialect are enclosed in curved angle brackets (e.g. ⧼zints⧽ ‘people’), which is not a traditional linguistic distinction, but is indicative of the tails of merfolk. Specific differences in the phonologies of the modern dialects are described under Phonology.

Braereth Main Page
● Tenibvreth Dialect
● Eomentesa Dialect
● Merineth Dialect 		Braereth Lexicon
(arranged alphabetically)
● Braereth Word Hoard
● Braereth Phrasebook 		Braereth Categories
● Braereth extra-grammatical categories 		External
● A Braereth Grammar

Phonology

There are three major dialects of modern Braereth as well as an “archetypal” form which is official, but no one actually speaks. The archetypal form is based on Classical Braereth, which has a reconstructed phonology that differs slightly from the archetype particularly in the realization of the palatals and the lack of certain hypercorrections.

Archetypal Braereth

Consonants Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar   Vowels Front Back
Plosive p · b t · d   k · ɡ High i u
Affricate · b͡v   ʦ · ʣ ʧ · ʤ   Mid e̞ o̞
Fricative f · v θ · [ð] s · [(z)] ʃ · (ʒ) (x) · Low ä
Nasal m n ɲ [ŋ] Diphthongs To Front To Back
Lateral   l ʎ   High ui̯ iu̯
Trill     r [ɾ] r̝   Mid ei̯ eu̯
Approximant w     j   Low ai̯ au̯

* Characters in square brackets are allophones; they are not phonemic.
* Characters in parentheses only occur in borrowings.

Classical Braereth (Reconstructed)

Consonants Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar   Vowels Front Back
Plosive p · b t · d cç · ɟʝ k · ɡ High i u
Affricate · b͡β   ʦ · ʣ ʨ · ʥ   Mid e̞ o̞
Fricative ɸ · β θ · [ð] s · [(z)] ɕ · (ʑ) (x~h) · Low a
Nasal m n ɲ [ŋ] Diphthongs To Front To Back
Lateral   l ʎ   High ui̯ iu̯ , ou̯
Trill     r [ɾ] r̝   Mid ei̯ eu̯
Approximant w, ʋ     j   Low ae̯ au̯

Tenibvreth Dialect

Main article: Tenibvreth (dialect)

The Tenibvreth dialect is marked by a weakening and near-total deletion of final unstressed vowels, a strengthened palatal series, and diverse realizations of the lateral series. A larger amount of the vocabulary is borrowed from Gothic, other Germanic influences, and Slavic languages. For the most part, Tenibvreth is written as standard Braereth, though many words are slightly abbreviated or modified to reflect current pronunciation: mainly omitting the final vowel. When the final vowel is ⟨e⟩ or when the final consonant is palatalized, an apostrophe (⟨’⟩) is used. The exception to this is infinitives of verbs, which always eliminate the final ⟨e⟩ leaving a palatalized ⟨r⟩, but an apostrophe is not used.

Eomentesa Dialect

Main article: Eomentesa (dialect)

The Eomentesa dialect is notable for its lowered (“true”) mid vowels and almost complete loss of the palatal series to unpacking. It has a small number of borrowings from Celtic sources not shared with the other dialects. Some speakers still use the Classical orthography, but a recent spelling reform has been adopted by most speakers of the Eomentesa dialect, and many words bear little resemblance to their Braereth forebears (e.g. tzeiru ‘zero’ becomes Eomentesa sero.

Merineth Dialect

Main article: Merineth (dialect)

The Merineth dialect is the furthest removed of the dialects from Classical Braereth. It has no palatal sounds whatsoever, and contains a number of liquids that appear seemingly spontaneously around certain clusters. Consonant clusters are all but eliminated, and diphthongs are broken up by an insertive ⟨l⟩ or ⟨r⟩. There is a merging of voiced and unvoiced consonants, as well as fortition of certain fricatives into stops. The vowels ⟨e⟩and ⟨o⟩ do not exist in Merineth, and are usually raised to ⟨i⟩ and ⟨u⟩, respectively, or sometimes lowered to ⟨a⟩. The Merineth do not have a formal written language, and usually use the Classical spelling, though some have adopted the Eomentesa spelling reform, as it is a little closer than Classican Braereth to how Merineth is actually pronounced, though there are still vast differences.

Orthographic and Phonemic Mapping

While all dialects of Braereth may be written in the classical orthography, in Tenibvreth final vowels are often elided, and certain folk spellings have become common where pronunciation has changed, e.g. ⟨floura⟩ for flora, or substituting ⟨qv⟩ for ⟨qu⟩ (ecquilju → ⟨ecqvil’⟩). When final vowels are dropped, final ⟨e⟩ often becomes ⟨’⟩ to indicate palatalization (grande → ⟨grand’⟩), and sometimes final ⟨tu⟩ will be changed to ⟨th⟩ (tutu → ⟨tuth⟩).

Orth. Phn. Description Example Official Classical Tenibvreth Eomentesa Merineth Environment/Notes
a /a/ as in father. ath
‘to’ 		/aθ/ [aθ] [aθ] [aθ] [at’]  
ae /ai̯/ like ⟨i⟩ in side. laectje
‘milk’ 		/ˈlai̯k.ʧe/ [ˈlae̯c.ʨe] ⟪laect’⟫
[lai̯kɕ] 		⟨létx⟩
[le̞ːʧ] 		⧼larits⧽
[laˈrits] 		In Merolinian, /l/ is inserted between the vowels of earlier diphthongs. If /l/ is already present in an adjacent syllable, /r/ is inserted instead. If both /l/ and /r/ are present, things get weird.
aou /au̯/ like ⟨ow⟩ in how. saou
‘salt’ 		/sau̯/ [sau̯] [sau̯] ⟨sao⟩
[sa.o̞] 		⧼salu⧽
[ˈsæ.lu] 		Only occurs word-finally in stressed monosyllabic words. See additional notes at ⟨ae⟩.
au /au̯/ like ⟨ou⟩ in round. aubvru
‘tree’ 		/ˈau̯.vru/ [ˈau̯.bβru] ⟪aubvr⟫
[au̯vʀ] 		⟨auvro⟩
[ˈau.vro̞] 		⧼alubru⧽
[ˈæ.lu.bru] 		See notes at ⟨ae⟩.
b /b/ as in bet. baclu
‘stick’ 		/ˈbak.lu/ [ˈbak.lu] ⟪bacl⟫
[bakɬ] 		⟨baclo⟩
[ˈba.klo̞] 		⧼paclu⧽
[ˈpæk.lu] 		 
bv /bv/ like ⟨v⟩ in very. ribveu
‘level’ 		/riˈveu̯/ [ri.bβeu̯] [riˈveu̯] ⟨reveo⟩
[re̞ˈve̞.o̞] 		⧼ribelu⧽
[riˈbe.lu] 		Only occurs word-internally.
c /k/ as cat. couru
‘heart’ 		/ˈku.ru/ [ˈkou̯.ru] ⟪cour⟫
[kuʀ] 		⟨coro⟩
[ˈko̞.ro̞] 		[ˈky.ru]  
/ʧ/ like ⟨ch⟩ in chair. dicere
‘to say’ 		/diˈʧe.re/ [diˈcçe.re] ⟪dicer⟫
[diˈʨeʐ] 		⟨ditxer⟩
[diˈʧe̞r] 		⧼titsel⧽
[tiˈʦel] 		/_{i,e
cj /ʧ/ like ⟨ch⟩ in cheese. radjicja
‘root’ 		/raˈʤi.ʧa/ [raˈʥi.cça] [raˈʥi.ʨə] ⟨radjitxa⟩
[raˈʤi.ʧa] 		⧼radzitsa⧽
[ræˈʣi.ʦa] 		 
ctj /kʧ/ like ⟨cti⟩ in action. fruictju
‘fruit’ 		/ˈfrui̯k.ʧu/ [ˈfrui̯c.ʨu] ⟪fruict’⟫
[frui̯kɕ] 		⟨frútxo⟩
[fruːʧo̞] 		⧼prútsu⧽
[ˈpruː.ʦu] 		 
d /d/ as in door. dente
‘tooth’ 		/ˈden.te/ [ˈden.te] ⟪dent’⟫
[denʨ] 		⟨dent⟩
[de̞nt] 		⧼tents⧽
[tenʦ] 		 
/ð/ like ⟨th⟩ in other. cjaudu
‘hot’ 		/ˈʧau̯.ðu/ [ˈcçau̯.ðu] ⟪cjaud⟫
[ʨau̯ð] 		⟨xaudo⟩
[ʃau̯.ðo̞] 		⧼salutu⧽
[ˈsæ.lu.tu] 		/S_S
dj /ʤ/ like ⟨dg⟩ in edge. codjax
‘poppy’ 		/koˈʤa/ [koˈʥa] [koˈʥa] ⟨codjà⟩
[ko̞ˈʤa] 		⧼codzà⧽
[koˈʣæ] 		 
e /e/ like ⟨é⟩ in French été. estelja
‘star’ 		/eˈste.ʎa/ [eˈste.ʎa] [eˈste.ɮə] ⟨estelia⟩
[e̞ˈste̞.li.a] 		⧼estrelia⧽
[eˈstɾe.li.a] 		 
ei /i/ as in weird. deice
‘ten’ 		/ˈdei̯.ʧe/ [ˈdei̯.cçe] ⟪deic’⟫
[diʨ] 		⟨détx⟩
[de̞ːʧ] 		⧼tírts⧽
[tiːrʦ] 		 
eou /eu̯/ like ⟨ell⟩ in bell with a Cockney accent. beou
‘beautiful’ 		/ˈbeu̯/ [beu̯] [beu̯] ⟨beo⟩
[ˈbe̞.o̞] 		⧼pelu⧽
[ˈpe.lu] 		Only occurs word-finally in unstressed monosyllabic words.
eu /eu̯/ like ⟨ew⟩ in Welsh ewro. seuva
‘forest’ 		/ˈseu̯.va/ [ˈseu̯.va] ⟨seluba⟩
[ˈse.lu.ba] 		[ˈseu̯və] [ˈse̞u̯.va]  
f /f/ as in four. folja
‘leaf’ 		/ˈfo.ʎa/ [ˈfo.ʎa] [ˈfo.ɮə] ⟨folia⟩
[ˈfo̞.li.a] 		⧼polia⧽
[ˈpo.li.a] 		 
g /ɡ/ as in gift. grostu
‘thick’ 		/ˈɡro.stu/ [ˈɡro.stu] ⟪grost⟫
[ˈɡrost] 		⟨grosto⟩
[ˈɡro̞s.to̞] 		⧼crostu⧽
[ˈkro.stu] 		 
/ʤ/ as in gel. tragere
‘to pull’ 		/tɾaˈʤe.re/ [tɾaˈɟʝe.re] ⟪trager⟫
[tɾaˈʥeʐ] 		⟨tradjer⟩
[tɾaˈʤe̞r] 		⧼tradzel⧽
[tɾaˈʣel] 		/_{i,e
gj /ʤ/ like ⟨j⟩ in joke. obligjare
‘to compel’ 		/o.bliˈʤa.re/ [o.bliˈɟʝa.re] ⟪obligjar⟫
[o.bliˈʥaʐ] 		⟨oblidjar⟩
[o̞b.liˈʤar] 		⧼oplidzal⧽
[o.pliˈʣal] 		 
gn /ŋn/ like ⟨ngn⟩ in hangnail. magnu
‘great’ 		/ˈmaŋ.nu/ [ˈmaŋ.nu] ⟪magn⟫
[maŋn] 		⟨mangano⟩
[ˈmaŋ.ɡa.no̞] 		⧼manclu⧽
[ˈmæŋ.klu] 		 
gnj /ŋɲ/ like ⟨ng⟩ followed by ⟨ny⟩, like telling Russians not to sing: sing nyet! ignju
‘fire 		/ˈiŋ.ɲu/ [ˈiŋ.ɲu] ⟪ign’⟫
[iŋɲ] 		⟨inio⟩
[ˈi.ni.o̞] 		⧼incliu⧽
[ˈiŋ.kli.u] 		 
i /i/ as in machine. iljis
‘they’ 		/ˈi.ʎis/ [ˈi.ʎis] [ˈi.ɮis] ⟨ilis⟩
[ˈi.lis] 		⧼ilis⧽
[ˈi.lis] 		 
/j/ like ⟨y⟩ in yet. iecru
‘liver’ 		/ˈje.kru/ [ˈje.kru] ⟪iecr⟫
[jekʀ] 		⟨iecro⟩
[iˈe̞.kro̞] 		[iˈe.kru] /_V (!_/u/)
iu /iu̯/ like ⟨ee you⟩ in ssee you. fluviu
‘river’ 		/ˈflu.viw/ [ˈflu.viu̯] [ˈfɬu.viu̯] ⟨fluvio⟩
[ˈflu.vi.o̞] 		⧼plubiu⧽
[ˈply.bi.u] 		 
l /l/ as in lucky. lapide
‘stone’ 		/ˈla.pi.ðe/ [ˈla.pi.ðe] ⟪lapid’⟫
[lap] 		⟨lapid⟩
[lap] 		⧼lapits⧽
[læp] 		 
lj /ʎ/ like ⟨gl⟩ in Italian dagli. alju
‘other’ 		/ˈa.ʎis/ [ˈa.ʎis] [ˈa.ɮis] ⟨alio⟩
[ˈa.li.o̞] 		⧼aliu⧽
[ˈæ.li.u] 		 
m /m/ as in mill. moulire
‘to die’ 		/muˈri.re/ [muˈri.re] ⟪mourir⟫
[muˈriʐ] 		⟨morir⟩
[mo̞ˈrir] 		⧼muril⧽
[myˈril] 		 
n /n/ as in net. nascere
‘to be born’ 		/nasˈʧe.re/ [nasˈcçe.re] ⟪nascer⟫
[nasˈʨeʐ] 		⟨naxer⟩
[naˈʃe̞r] 		⧼nastsel⧽
[næsˈʦel] 		 
nc /ŋk/ like ⟨nk⟩ in tank. ginclu
‘knee’ 		/ˈʤiŋ.klu/ [ˈɟʝiŋ.klu] ⟪gincl⟫
[ʥiŋkɬ] 		⟨jinclo⟩
[ˈʒiŋ.klo̞] 		⧼zinclu⧽
[ˈziŋ.klu] 		 
ng /ŋɡ/ like ⟨ng⟩ in finger. loungu
‘long’ 		/ˈluŋ.ɡu/ [ˈluŋ.ɡu] ⟪loung⟫
[luŋɡ] 		⟨longo⟩
[ˈlo̞ŋ.ɡo̞] 		⧼luncu⧽
[ˈlyŋ.ku] 		 
/nʤ/ like ⟨ng⟩ in ginger. pungere
‘to stab’ 		/punˈʤe.re/ [punˈɟʝe.re] ⟪punger⟫
[puŋ.ɡʑeʐ] 		⟨pundjer⟩
[punˈʤe̞r] 		⧼pundzel⧽
[pynˈʣel] 		/_{i,e
ngj /nʤ/ like ⟨ng j⟩ in canning jar. mengjare
‘to eat’ 		/meɲˈʤa.re/ [meɲˈɟʝa.re] ⟪mengjar⟫
[meŋˈɡʑaʐ] 		⟨mandjar⟩
[manˈʤar] 		⧼mendzal⧽
[menˈʣal] 		 
nj /ɲ/ like ⟨ni⟩ in onion. anju
‘year’ 		/ˈa.ɲu/ [ˈa.ɲu] ⟪an’⟫
[aɲ] 		⟨anio⟩
[ˈa.ni.o̞] 		⧼aniu⧽
[ˈæ.ni.u] 		 
o /o/ as in old. ostu
‘bone’ 		/ˈo.stu/ [ˈo.stu] [ˈost] ⟨osto⟩
[ˈo̞.sto̞] 		⧼ustu⧽
[ˈu.stu] 		 
ou /ou̯/ like ⟨oo⟩ in soon. ouvu
‘egg’ 		/ˈu.vu/ [ˈu.vu] ⟪ouv⟫
[uv] 		⟨ovo⟩
[ˈo̞.vo̞] 		⧼ubu⧽
[ˈy.bu] 		 
p /p/ as in pine. pelju
‘hair’ 		/ˈpe.ʎu/ [ˈpe.ʎu] ⟪pel’⟫
[peʎ] 		⟨pelio⟩
[ˈpe̞.li.o̞] 		⧼peliu⧽
[ˈpe.li.u] 		 
qh /x/ like ⟨ch⟩ in Scottish loch. aqhma
‘life force’ 		/ˈax.ma/ [ˈax.ma] [ˈaχ.mə] ⟨ahma⟩
[ˈaç.ma] 		[ˈæʀ.ma] Only in borrowings.
qu /kw/ as in quiz. quei
‘what’ 		/kwei̯/ [kwei̯] ⟪qvei⟫
[kʋi] 		⟨cue⟩
[ˈku.e̞] 		⧼qui⧽
[ˈku.i] 		 
r /r/ as in Spanish rojo. ridere
‘to laugh’ 		/riˈde.re/ [riˈde.re] ⟪rider⟫
[riˈðeʐ] 		⟨rider⟩
[riˈðe̞r] 		⧼ritel⧽
[riˈtel] 		 
rj /r̝/ like ⟨ř⟩ in Czech Dvořak. terja
‘earth’ 		/ˈte.r̝a/ [ˈte.r̝ə] [ˈte.ʐa] ⟨teria⟩
[ˈte̞.ri.a] 		⧼teria⧽
[ˈte.ri.a] 		 
s /s/ as in ssee. secjare
‘to cut’ 		/seˈʧa.re/ [seˈcça.re] ⟪secjar⟫
[seˈʨaʐ] 		⟨setxar⟩
[se̞ˈʧar] 		⧼setsal⧽
[seˈʦal] 		 
/s/ as in rose. espousa
‘wife’ 		/eˈspu.za/ [eˈspu.za] [eˈspu.zə] ⟨espuza⟩
[e̞ˈspu.za] 		⧼espuza⧽
[eˈspy.za] 		/V_V
sj /ʃ/ like ⟨sh⟩ in shoe. sji
‘yes’ 		/ˈʃi/ [ˈɕi] [ɕi] ⟨xi⟩
[ʃi] 		⧼si⧽
[si] 		 
t /t/ as in tall. tutu
‘all’ 		/ˈtu.tu/ [ˈtu.tu] ⟪tuth⟫
[tuθ] 		⟨tuto⟩
[ˈtu.to̞] 		[ˈty.tu]  
th /θ/ as in path. eth
‘and’ 		/eθ/ [eθ] ⧼et’⧽
[et’] 		[eθ] [e̞θ]  
tj /ʧ/ like ⟨ch⟩ in church. setje
‘seven’ 		/ˈse.ʧe/ [ˈse.ʨe] ⟪set’⟫
[seʨ] 		⟨setx⟩
[se̞ʧ] 		⧼sets⧽
[seʦ] 		 
tz /ʦ/ like ⟨ts⟩ in cats. tzince
‘five’ 		/ˈʦin.ʧe/ [ˈʦiɲ.cçe] ⟪tzinc’⟫
[ʦinʨ] 		⟨sintx⟩
[sinʧ] 		⧼sints⧽
[sinʦ] 		/#_
/ʣ/ like ⟨ds⟩ in words. pitzitu
‘small’ 		/piˈʣi.tu/ [piˈʣi.tu] ⟪pitzith⟫
[piˈʣiθ] 		⟨pedzito⟩
[pe̞ˈʣi.to̞] 		⧼pidzitu⧽
[piˈʣi.tu] 		/S_S (!/n/_)
u /u/ like ⟨oo⟩ in room. unce
‘eleven’ 		/ˈun.ʧe/ [ˈuɲ.cçe] ⟪unc’⟫
[unʨ] 		⟨untx⟩
[unʧ] 		⧼unts⧽
[ynʦ] 		 
ui /uj/ like ⟨uy⟩ in Spanish muy. luictjare
‘to fight’ 		/lujkˈʧa.re/ [lui̯kˈʨa.re] ⟪luictjar⟫
[lui̯kˈɕaʐ] 		⟨lútxar⟩
[luːˈʧar] 		⧼lútsal⧽
[luːˈʦal] 		 
v /v/ as in voice. voulere
‘to want’ 		/vuˈle.re/ [vou̯ˈle.re] ⟪vuler⟫
[vuˈleʐ] 		⟨voler⟩
[vo̞ˈle̞r] 		⧼burel⧽
[buˈrel] 		 
x /ˈ/   iljax
‘there’ 		/iˈʎa/ [iˈʎa] [iˈɮa] ⟨alià⟩
[a.liˈa] 		⧼alià⧽
[a.liˈa] 		Indicates unexpected stress. (Eomentesa reform script uses a grave diacritic.)
z /z/ like ⟨z⟩ in zoo. quazina
‘quiver (of arrows)’ 		/ˈkwa.zi.na/ [ˈkwa.zi.na] ⟪qvazina⟫
[ˈkʋa.ʑnə] 		⟨cuazina⟩
[kuˈa.zi.na] 		[kuˈa.zi.na] Only in borrowings and the digraph ⟨tz⟩.
zj /ʒ/ like ⟨j⟩ in French jamais. frezjire
‘to deceive' 		/freˈʒi.re/ [freˈʑi.re] ⟪frezjir⟫
[freˈʑiʐ] 		⟨frejir⟩
[fre̞ˈʒir] 		⧼prezil⧽
[preˈzil] 		Only in borrowings.

Pronouns

  Nominative
(subject) 		Genitive
(possessive) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Accusative
(direct object)
1sg eou
I 		meu*
my 		mei
(to) me 		me, m’**
me
2sg tu
you, thou 		teu*
your, thy 		tei
(to) you, to thee 		te, t’**
you, thee
3sg.masc ilju
he 		seu*
his, her 		lei
(to) him 		le, l’**
him
3sg.fem ilja
she 		lae
(to) her 		la, l’**
her
3sg.refl - sei
(to) himself, to herself 		se, s’**
himself, herself
1pl nous(autris)
we 		noustru*
our 		nous
(to) us 		ne, n’**
us
2pl vous(autris)
you (all) 		voustru*
your 		vous
(to) you (all) 		ve, v’**
you (all)
3pl.masc iljis
they 		louru*
their 		lour
(to) them 		ljis
them
3pl.fem iljes
they 		ljes
them

* Declines for gender and number (click for additional forms).
** Form used before a vowel.

Determiners

Articles

The Definite Article

  Sing. Sing. (_V) Plur.
Masculine lu
lu lapide
‘the stone’ 		l’
l’acelju
‘the bird’ 		lis
lis viris
‘the men’
Feminine la
la mage
‘the witch’ 		l’
l’estelja
‘the star’ 		les
les muljeres
‘the women’

The Indefinite Article

  Sing. Sing. (_V) Plur.
Masculine un
un lapide
‘a stone’ 		n’
n’acelju
‘a bird’ 		unis
unis viris
‘some men’
Feminine una
una mage
‘a witch’ 		n’
n’estelja
‘a star’ 		unes
unes muljeres
‘some women’

Numerals

The “teen” numbers (11-19) are highly irregular. In Classical Braereth, these all ended with ‑dice, which in the modern languages has been contracted to ‑ce.

While ⟨vinctjeth-uictjou⟩ is the literary standard, none of the dialects actually uses this form: Classical Braereth used an older form ⟨vinctje-eth-uictjou⟩ where the conjunction had not been assimilated into the first element; Tenibvreth does not retain the –th of the conjunction because uictjou begins with a consonant sound (it is sometimes written as ⟨vinctje-victjou⟩); Eomentesa’s reform orthography spells it as ⟨vintx-eth-útxo⟩.

tzeiru 0 deice (archaic) 10 vinctje 20 tzeiru 0
unu 1 unce undice 11 vinctjeth-un 21 deice 10
dous 2 douce doudice 12 vinctje-dous 22 vinctje 20
treis 3 treice treidice 13 vinctje-treis 23 treinctje 30
quatru 4 quarce quardice 14 vinctje-quatru 24 quarante 40
tzince 5 quince quindice 15 vinctje-tzince 25 quintzante 50
seis 6 seice seidice 16 vinctje-seis 26 sesante 60
setje 7 setece setedice 17 vinctje-setje 27 setante 70
uictjou 8 uictoce uictodice 18 vinctjeth-uictjou 28 uictante 80
nouve 9 nouce nouvedice 19 vinctje-nouve 29 nounante 90

Adjectives

Adjectives agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.

An unusual development in Braereth, compared to other Romance languages, is the development of participles to have a gendered adjectival form (which is normal) as well as a non-gendered form used exlusively with compound verbs (which is not).

For example, facere ‘to do’ has the past participle faectje ‘done’, used in verb phrases such as L’aou faectje, ‘I have done it’, but Mis deveris soun faectjis, ‘My chores are done’, (with a masculine plural ending). Almost without exception, the uninflected form ends in –e, while the inflected forms take the standard masculine, feminine, singular, and plural endings –u, –a, –is, and –es.

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