Ox-Yew - Revision history

Jamin: /* Adjetives */

2021-12-13T16:33:53Z

Adjetives

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 13 December 2021
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	Abstract nouns are concepts, ideas, or non-substantives, like feelings, concepts, and symbolic thought. These include compassion, love, anger, war, kerfuffle, hope, tarnation, thought, and stubbornness.		Abstract nouns are concepts, ideas, or non-substantives, like feelings, concepts, and symbolic thought. These include compassion, love, anger, war, kerfuffle, hope, tarnation, thought, and stubbornness.

	===~~Adjetives~~===		===Adjectives===

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===

Jamin at 18:14, 6 December 2021

2021-12-06T18:14:05Z

Show changes

Jamin: /* Phonology */

2021-10-06T16:33:21Z

Phonology

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 6 October 2021
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	'''Long Diphthongs''': /īa̯ īu̯ āi̯ āu̯ ūi̯ ūa̯/		'''Long Diphthongs''': /īa̯ īu̯ āi̯ āu̯ ūi̯ ūa̯/

	Diphthongs are always falling, but if a ~~non-long~~ diphthong starting with /i/ or /u/ appears at the beginning of a word (i.e. with no onset), it is realized as a glide (/j/ or /w/, respectively).		Diphthongs are always falling, but if a diphthong starting with /i/ or /u/ appears at the beginning of a word (i.e. with no onset), it is realized as a glide ([j] or [w], respectively).

	Because of the limited range of vowels, a vowel chart is almost wasted for Adzaay, but here you go:		Because of the limited range of vowels, a vowel chart is almost wasted for Adzaay, but here you go:
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	*All syllables must have a nucleus, but onsets and codas are not required. Syllables in the same word must have either a coda or an onset dividing them (i.e. two syllable nuclei must be separated by at least one consonant.)		*All syllables must have a nucleus, but onsets and codas are not required. Syllables in the same word must have either a coda or an onset dividing them (i.e. two syllable nuclei must be separated by at least one consonant.)
	*Word-initial onsets may consist of a single consonant, or a stop consonant followed by a liquid.		*Word-initial onsets may consist of a single consonant, or a stop consonant followed by a liquid.
	**p, t, k, b, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h		**⟨p, t, k, b, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h⟩
	**pr, tr, kr, br, dr, gr, pl, tl, kl, bl, dl, gl, pz, tz, kz, bz, dz, gz		**⟨pr, tr, kr, br, dr, gr, pl, tl, kl, bl, dl, gl, pz, tz, kz, bz, dz, gz⟩
			*In words with no consonantal onset beginning with a short diphthong, the diphthong switches from falling to rising; that is, the initial element of the diphthong is realized as a glide. (This does not apply to ⟨ai⟩ and ⟨au⟩.)
			**⟨iu, ia, ui, ua⟩ → [ju, ja, wi, wa] / #_
			*In words with no consonantal onset beginning with a long diphthong, the long element of the diphthong is subject to fracture. (This does not apply to ⟨aai⟩ and ⟨aau⟩.)
			**⟨iiu, iia, uui, uua⟩ → [jiu, jia, wui, wua]
			**In some dialects this may even cause the “length” to shift to the second element: ⟨iiu, iia, uui, uua⟩ → [juː, jaː, wiː, waː]
	*Intersyllabic consonant clusters may be:		*Intersyllabic consonant clusters may be:
	**C (any single consonant)		**C (any single consonant)
	***p, t, k, b, d, g, q, j, c, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h		***⟨p, t, k, b, d, g, q, j, c, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h⟩
	**C[-cnt]C[+liq] (any stop + liquid)		**C[-cnt]C[+liq] (any stop + liquid)
	***pr, pl, pz, tr, tl, tz, kr, kl, kz, br, bl, bz, dr, dl, dz, gr, gl, gz		***⟨pr, pl, pz, tr, tl, tz, kr, kl, kz, br, bl, bz, dr, dl, dz, gr, gl, gz⟩
	**C[-cnt]ː (any geminate stop)		**C[-cnt]ː (any geminate stop)
	***pp, tt, kk, bb, dd, gg		***⟨pp, tt, kk, bb, dd, gg⟩
	**C[+nas]ː (any geminate nasal)		**C[+nas]ː (any geminate nasal)
	***mm, nn, vv		***⟨mm, nn, vv⟩
	**C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox] (any nasal + unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation; also ⟨vg⟩)		**C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox] (any nasal + unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation; also ⟨vg⟩)
	***mp, nt, vk, vg		***⟨mp, nt, vk, vg⟩
	**C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox]C[+liq] (any nasal + voiced or unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation + liquid)		**C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox]C[+liq] (any nasal + voiced or unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation + liquid)
	***~~mbr~~, mbl, ndr, ndl, vgr, vgl, ~~vgz~~		***⟨mbr, mbl, ndr, ndl, vgr, vgl, vgz⟩
	**nC[+liq] (⟨n⟩ + any affricate)		**nC[+liq] (⟨n⟩ + any affricate)
	***nq, nj, nc		***⟨nq, nj, nc⟩
	**C[+obs+cnt]C[-cnt-vox] (any fricative + any unvoiced stop)		**C[+obs+cnt]C[-cnt-vox] (any fricative + any unvoiced stop)
	***sp, st, sk, fp, ft, fk, hp, ht, hk		***⟨sp, st, sk, fp, ft, fk, hp, ht, hk⟩
	*Word-final codas may consist only of a single consonant~~; ‹b› and ‹h› are not permitted as codas~~.		*Word-final codas may consist only of a single consonant.
	**p, t, k, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f		**⟨p, t, k, b, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h⟩
			**All stop consonants become spirantised in coda position.
			***⟨p, t, k, b, d, g⟩ → [ɸ, θ, x, β, ð, ɣ] / _#
			**Unvoiced affricates have an ejective release in coda position; voiced affricates have a lengthened release.
			***⟨c, q, j, w, y, x⟩ → [t͡sʼ, t͡ʃʼ, d͡ʒː, d͡vː, t͡ɬʼ, t͡xʼ] / _#

	====Liquid ~~Harmony~~====		====Liquid Dissimilation====
	*''(Still working this out...)''		*When two identical liquids occur in the same or adjacent syllables, the right-most liquid changes: l → r → z → l, e.g.:
	*'''Dissimilation'''		**bzaukzi → ''bzaukli''
	**When two identical liquids occur in the same or adjacent syllables, the right-most liquid changes: l → r → z → l, e.g.:		**graar → ''graaz''
	***bzaukzi → ''bzaukli''		**brulaaul → ''brulaaur''
	***graar → ''graaz''		*In words where three liquids appear, all liquids are dissimilated even if a different liquid separates two of the same. This may cause chain shifting in compound words until the order described above can be observed, e.g.:
	***brulaaul → ''brulaaur''		**bratluir → ''bratluiz''
	**In words where three liquids appear, all liquids are dissimilated even if a different liquid separates two of the same. This may cause chain shifting in compound words until the order described above can be observed, e.g.:		**raagraz → raagzaz → ''raagzal''
	***bratluir → ''bratluiz''		**dravglal → ''dravglar'' (but regularization does not wrap, so here, two /r/s are acceptable.)
	***raagraz → raagzaz → ''raagzal''
	***dravglal → ''dravglar'' (but regularization does not wrap, so here, two /r/s are acceptable.)

	====Vowel Reduction in Syllables with Non-Primary Stress====		====Vowel Reduction in Syllables with Non-Primary Stress====

Jamin at 16:06, 8 July 2021

2021-07-08T16:06:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:06, 8 July 2021
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	=====Imperative/Jussive=====		=====Imperative/Jussive=====

			==Syntax==

			''(...yeah, yeah, I'll get around to it...)''

	==Vocabulary==		==Vocabulary==
	'''[[:Category: Ox-Yew words\|Ox-Yew Vocabulary]]'''		'''[[:Category: Ox-Yew words\|Ox-Yew Vocabulary]]'''

	==~~Syntax~~==		==Useful Phrases==
			===Greetings===
	''(.~~..yeah, yeah, I~~'~~ll get around to it..~~.)''		===Gratitude===
			* '''[[gziiunim#Ox-Yew\|Gziiunim]].''' ''Thank you.''

Jamin: Text replacement - "Contionary: adzaay" to "adzaay"

2021-07-02T12:14:30Z

Text replacement - "Contionary: adzaay" to "adzaay"

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:14, 2 July 2021
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	[[Category: Ox-Yew]]		[[Category: Ox-Yew]]

	[[~~Contionary:~~ adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adzaay]] (or [[~~Contionary:~~ adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adɮāλ]]) is an a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of three. Their number system is nonal (3×3); there are three vowels; there are three of each type of consonant; there are three noun classes (or “genders,” but that word really isn’t useful here); there are even three finite grammatical moods.		[[adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adzaay]] (or [[adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adɮāλ]]) is an a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of three. Their number system is nonal (3×3); there are three vowels; there are three of each type of consonant; there are three noun classes (or “genders,” but that word really isn’t useful here); there are even three finite grammatical moods.

	Since [ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ] doesn't really roll off the tongue of the average native speaker of most European languages, the alternative name “Ox-Yew” (or the Language of the Ox-Yew People) is derived from a mistranslation of what early researchers believed the people to be called; in reality, the people of a nearby village who directed them where to find the main Ox-Yew village had said something more along the lines of: “Why would you want to go there? It's just cows and trees.”		Since [ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ] doesn't really roll off the tongue of the average native speaker of most European languages, the alternative name “Ox-Yew” (or the Language of the Ox-Yew People) is derived from a mistranslation of what early researchers believed the people to be called; in reality, the people of a nearby village who directed them where to find the main Ox-Yew village had said something more along the lines of: “Why would you want to go there? It's just cows and trees.”

Jamin at 03:26, 2 July 2021

2021-07-02T03:26:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:26, 2 July 2021
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	~~{{Infobox language~~
	~~\|name = Adzaay (Ox-Yew)~~
	~~\|nativename = Adzaay, Adɮāλ~~
	~~\|pronunciation = /ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ/~~
	~~\|creator = [[User: Bpnjohnson\|BenJamin P. Johnson]],<br />~~
	~~<small>creator of:<br />~~
	~~<ul>~~
	~~<li>[[Ox-Yew\|Adzaay]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Brooding]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Dlatci]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Grayis]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Maltcégj]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Northeadish]]</li>~~
	~~<li>[[Valthungian]]</li>~~
	~~<ul>~~
	~~<li>''[[Griutungi]]''</li>~~
	~~<li>''[[Old Valthungian]]''</li>~~
	~~<li>''[[Middle Valthungian]]''</li>~~
	~~</ul>~~
	~~</ul>~~
	~~</small>~~
	~~\|created = 2019~~
	~~\|familycolor = language isolate~~
	}}
	[[Category: Languages]]		[[Category: Languages]]
	[[Category: Conlangs]]		[[Category: Conlangs]]

Jamin at 02:28, 2 July 2021

2021-07-02T02:28:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:28, 2 July 2021
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	\|familycolor = language isolate		\|familycolor = language isolate
	}}		}}
	[[Category:Languages]]		[[Category: Languages]]
	[[Category:Conlangs]]		[[Category: Conlangs]]
	[[Category:Artlangs]]		[[Category: Artlangs]]
	[[Category:A_priori]]		[[Category: A_priori]]
			[[Category: Ox-Yew]]

	[[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adzaay]] (or [[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adɮāλ]]) is an a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of three. Their number system is nonal (3×3); there are three vowels; there are three of each type of consonant; there are three noun classes (or “genders,” but that word really isn’t useful here); there are even three finite grammatical moods.		[[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adzaay]] (or [[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew\|Adɮāλ]]) is an a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of three. Their number system is nonal (3×3); there are three vowels; there are three of each type of consonant; there are three noun classes (or “genders,” but that word really isn’t useful here); there are even three finite grammatical moods.

Jamin: /* Vocabulary */

2021-07-02T02:27:16Z

Vocabulary

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:27, 2 July 2021
Line 543:		Line 543:

	==Vocabulary==		==Vocabulary==
	'''[~~https~~:~~//linguifex.com/wiki/~~Category:Ox-~~Yew_words Key vocabulary can be found here.~~]'''		'''[[:Category: Ox-Yew words\|Ox-Yew Vocabulary]]'''

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

	''(...yeah, yeah, I'll get around to it...)''		''(...yeah, yeah, I'll get around to it...)''

Jamin: Created page with "{{Infobox language |name = Adzaay (Ox-Yew) |nativename = Adzaay, Adɮāλ |pronunciation = /ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ/ |creator = BenJamin P. Johnson,

2021-06-18T23:18:50Z

Created page with "{{Infobox language |name = Adzaay (Ox-Yew) |nativename = Adzaay, Adɮāλ |pronunciation = /ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ/ |creator = BenJamin P. Johnson, <small..."

New page
{{Infobox language
|name = Adzaay (Ox-Yew)
|nativename = Adzaay, Adɮāλ
|pronunciation = /ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ/
|creator = [[User: Bpnjohnson|BenJamin P. Johnson]], 
creator of: 
<ul>
<li>[[Ox-Yew|Adzaay]]</li>
<li>[[Brooding]]</li>
<li>[[Dlatci]]</li>
<li>[[Grayis]]</li>
<li>[[Maltcégj]]</li>
<li>[[Northeadish]]</li>
<li>[[Valthungian]]</li>
<ul>
<li>''[[Griutungi]]''</li>
<li>''[[Old Valthungian]]''</li>
<li>''[[Middle Valthungian]]''</li>
</ul>
</ul>

|created = 2019
|familycolor = language isolate
}}
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Artlangs]]
[[Category:A_priori]]

[[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew|Adzaay]] (or [[Contionary: adzaay#Ox-Yew|Adɮāλ]]) is an a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of three. Their number system is nonal (3×3); there are three vowels; there are three of each type of consonant; there are three noun classes (or “genders,” but that word really isn’t useful here); there are even three finite grammatical moods.

Since [ɑdˈɮɑːtɬʼ] doesn't really roll off the tongue of the average native speaker of most European languages, the alternative name “Ox-Yew” (or the Language of the Ox-Yew People) is derived from a mistranslation of what early researchers believed the people to be called; in reality, the people of a nearby village who directed them where to find the main Ox-Yew village had said something more along the lines of: “Why would you want to go there? It's just cows and trees.”

==Phonology==

===Vowels===

'''Short''': /i a u/

'''Diphthongs''': /ia̯ iu̯ ai̯ au̯ ui̯ ua̯/

'''Long''': /ī ā ū/

'''Long Diphthongs''': /īa̯ īu̯ āi̯ āu̯ ūi̯ ūa̯/

Diphthongs are always falling, but if a non-long diphthong starting with /i/ or /u/ appears at the beginning of a word (i.e. with no onset), it is realized as a glide (/j/ or /w/, respectively).

Because of the limited range of vowels, a vowel chart is almost wasted for Adzaay, but here you go:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!  
! Fronty
! Middlin’
! Backish
|-
! High:
| ⟨i⟩ /i/ ⟨ii⟩ /iː/
|  
| ⟨u⟩ /u/ ⟨uu⟩ /uː/
|-
! Mid:
|  
|    
|  
|-
! Low:
|  
| ⟨a⟩ /a/ ⟨aa⟩ /aː/
|  
|}

The diphthongs do not vary other than by length: 
[[File:Ox-Yew-diphthongs.png|frameless|Adzaay diphthongs]]

====Stress====

Stress is moraic with a dactylic substructure. Stress falls on longest left-most syllable. Where morae are equal, long vowels have a higher priority than diphthongs, which have a higher priority than final consonants. There are eight possible syllable weights:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!class=unsortable|  
! Morae
! Priority
!class=unsortable| Description
!class=unsortable| Examples
|-
|align="right"| V
|align="center"| 1
|align="center"| 8
|| Short vowel, no coda.
|| ''bu'', ''na'', ''ki''
|-
|align="right"| VC
|align="center"| 2
|align="center"| 7
|| Short vowel, monomoraic coda.
|| ''uk'', ''it'', ''an''
|-
|align="right"| VV̯
|align="center"| 2
|align="center"| 6
|| Diphthong, no coda.
|| ''hau'', ''niu'', ''mai''
|-
|align="right"| Vː
|align="center"| 2
|align="center"| 5
|| Long vowel, no coda.
|| ''lii'', ''kuu'', ''aa''
|-
|align="right"| VV̯C
|align="center"| 3
|align="center"| 4
|| Diphthong, monomoraic coda.
|| ''kais'', ''zaud'', ''bzuim''
|-
|align="right"| VːC
|align="center"| 3
|align="center"| 3
|| Long vowel, monomoraic coda.
|| ''aat'', ''kiic'', ''dzuuq''
|-
|align="right"| VːV̯
|align="center"| 3
|align="center"| 2
|| Long diphthong, no coda.
|| ''giiu'', ''maai'', ''vuua''
|-
|align="right"| VːV̯C
|align="center"| 4
|align="center"| 1
|| Long diphthong, monomoraic coda.
|| ''fuuav'', ''saaik'', ''viiut''
|}

Non-stressed syllables are reduced. (See [[Ox-Yew#Phonotactics|Phonotactics]]).

===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!  
! Fronty
! Middlin’
! Backish
|-
! Unvoiced Stop:
| ⟨p⟩ /p/
| ⟨t⟩ /t/
| ⟨k⟩ /k/
|-
! Voiced Stop:
| ⟨b⟩ /b/
| ⟨d⟩ /d/
| ⟨g⟩ /ɡ/
|-
! Fricative:
| ⟨s⟩ /s/
| ⟨f⟩ /ʃ/
| ⟨h⟩ /x/
|-
! Homorganic Affricate:
| ⟨c⟩ /t͡s/
| ⟨q⟩ /t͡ʃ/
| ⟨j⟩ /d͡ʒ/
|-
! Heterorganic Affricate:
| ⟨w⟩ /d͡v/
| ⟨y⟩ /t͡ɬ/
| ⟨x⟩ /t͡x/
|-
! Liquid:
| ⟨z⟩ /ɮ/
| ⟨r⟩ /r/
| ⟨l⟩ /l/
|-
! Nasal:
| ⟨m⟩ /m/
| ⟨n⟩ /n/
| ⟨v⟩ /ŋ/
|}

===Phonotactics===
====Syllable Structure====
CLVC
All syllables must have a nucleus, but onsets and codas are not required. Syllables in the same word must have either a coda or an onset dividing them (i.e. two syllable nuclei must be separated by at least one consonant.)
Word-initial onsets may consist of a single consonant, or a stop consonant followed by a liquid.
p, t, k, b, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h
pr, tr, kr, br, dr, gr, pl, tl, kl, bl, dl, gl, pz, tz, kz, bz, dz, gz
Intersyllabic consonant clusters may be:
C (any single consonant)
p, t, k, b, d, g, q, j, c, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f, h
C[-cnt]C[+liq] (any stop + liquid)
pr, pl, pz, tr, tl, tz, kr, kl, kz, br, bl, bz, dr, dl, dz, gr, gl, gz
C[-cnt]ː (any geminate stop)
pp, tt, kk, bb, dd, gg
C[+nas]ː (any geminate nasal)
mm, nn, vv
C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox] (any nasal + unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation; also ⟨vg⟩)
mp, nt, vk, vg
C[+nas]C[-cnt-vox]C[+liq] (any nasal + voiced or unvoiced stop of the same place of articulation + liquid)
mbr, mbl, ndr, ndl, vgr, vgl, vgz
nC[+liq] (⟨n⟩ + any affricate)
nq, nj, nc
C[+obs+cnt]C[-cnt-vox] (any fricative + any unvoiced stop)
sp, st, sk, fp, ft, fk, hp, ht, hk
Word-final codas may consist only of a single consonant; ‹b› and ‹h› are not permitted as codas.
**p, t, k, d, g, c, q, j, w, y, x, m, n, v, l, z, r, s, f

====Liquid Harmony====
''(Still working this out...)''
'''Dissimilation'''
When two identical liquids occur in the same or adjacent syllables, the right-most liquid changes: l → r → z → l, e.g.:
bzaukzi → ''bzaukli''
graar → ''graaz''
brulaaul → ''brulaaur''
In words where three liquids appear, all liquids are dissimilated even if a different liquid separates two of the same. This may cause chain shifting in compound words until the order described above can be observed, e.g.:
bratluir → ''bratluiz''
raagraz → raagzaz → ''raagzal''
dravglal → ''dravglar'' (but regularization does not wrap, so here, two /r/s are acceptable.)

====Vowel Reduction in Syllables with Non-Primary Stress====
Vowels with secondary stress are reduced by their right-most mora. Secondary stress is almost always separated primary stress by two unstressed syllables.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| ia iu ii
|| → i
| ai au aa
|| → a
| ui ua uu
|| → u
|-
| iia iiu
|| → ii
| aai aau
|| → aa
| uui uua
|| → uu
|}

#E.g. ááidlaavaicùùap → aaidlavacuup

* Unstressed vowels are reduced to their left-most mora:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|align="right"|
ia 
iu 
ii 
iia 
iiu
|| → i
|align="right"|
ai 
au 
aa 
aai 
aau
|| → a
|align="right"|
ui 
ua 
uu 
uui 
uua
|| → u
|}

====Cluster Reduction between Syllables with Non-Primary Stress====
The number of consonant clusters which can occur intervocalically between syllables with non-primary stress is dramatically reduced. Somehow. Probably. I think. Also, stress is primarily dactylic, somehow, probably, I think.

===Orthography===

Adzaay has three distinct orthographies. There is a native writing system (patent pending...); a “presentational” orthography, which uses some diacritics and some non-standard characters to present the language a little more compactly and with a few slightly more intuitive graphemes; and a “utility” orthography, which uses 24 letters of the standard 26-letter Latin alphabet. (The letters O and E are not used.)

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width=50px| Function
!width=50px| Form
!width=50px| IPA
!width=125px| Series
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨p⟩⟩
|align="center"| p
| stop, unvoiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨t⟩⟩
|align="center"| t
| stop, unvoiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨k⟩⟩
|align="center"| k
| stop, unvoiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨b⟩⟩
|align="center"| b
| stop, voiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨d⟩⟩
|align="center"| d
| stop, voiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨g⟩⟩
|align="center"| g
| stop, voiced
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨s⟩⟩
|align="center"| s
| fricative
|-
|align="center"| ⟨f⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨š⟩⟩
|align="center"| ʃ
| fricative
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨h⟩⟩
|align="center"| x
| fricative
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨c⟩⟩
|align="center"| t͡s
| affricate, homorganic
|-
|align="center"| ⟨q⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨č⟩⟩
|align="center"| t͡ʃ
| affricate, homorganic
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨j⟩⟩
|align="center"| d͡ʒ
| affricate, homorganic
|-
|align="center"| ⟨w⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ȸ⟩⟩
|align="center"| d͡v
| affricate, heterorganic
|-
|align="center"| ⟨y⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨λ⟩⟩
|align="center"| t͡ɬ
| affricate, heterorganic
|-
|align="center"| ⟨x⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ӿ⟩⟩
|align="center"| t͡x
| affricate, heterorganic
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨m⟩⟩
|align="center"| m
| nasal
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨n⟩⟩
|align="center"| n
| nasal
|-
|align="center"| ⟨v⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ŋ⟩⟩
|align="center"| ŋ
| nasal
|-
|align="center"| ⟨z⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ɮ⟩⟩
|align="center"| ɮ
| liquid
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨r⟩⟩
|align="center"| r
| liquid
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨l⟩⟩
|align="center"| l
| liquid
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨i⟩⟩
|align="center"| i
| vowel, short
|-
|align="center"| ⟨ii⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ī⟩⟩
|align="center"| iː
| vowel, long
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨ia⟩⟩
|align="center"| ia̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨iu⟩⟩
|align="center"| iu̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center"| ⟨iia⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨īa⟩⟩
|align="center"| iːa̯
| diphthong, long
|-
|align="center"| ⟨iiu⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨īu⟩⟩
|align="center"| iːu̯
| diphthong, long
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨a⟩⟩
|align="center"| a
| vowel, short
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨ai⟩⟩
|align="center"| ai̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center"| ⟨aa⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ā⟩⟩
|align="center"| aː
| vowel, long
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨au⟩⟩
|align="center"| au̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center"| ⟨aai⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨āi⟩⟩
|align="center"| aːi̯
| diphthong, long
|-
|align="center"| ⟨aau⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨āu⟩⟩
|align="center"| aːu̯
| diphthong, long
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨u⟩⟩
|align="center"| u
| vowel, short
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨ui⟩⟩
|align="center"| ui̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center" colspan=2| ⟨ua⟩⟩
|align="center"| ua̯
| diphthong, short
|-
|align="center"| ⟨uu⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ū⟩⟩
|align="center"| uː
| vowel, long
|-
|align="center"| ⟨uui⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ūi⟩⟩
|align="center"| uːi̯
| diphthong, long
|-
|align="center"| ⟨uua⟩
|align="center"| ⟨⟨ūa⟩⟩
|align="center"| uːa̯
| diphthong, long
|}

==Morphology==

===Alignments===

====Typology====
The typology of Adzaay is predominantly SOV or verb-final. Marked order is OSV. A morphological particle is inserted between the subject and the direct object which is ostensibly a case suffix combined with a case prefix; a different particle is used in marked order.

====Morphosyntactic Alignment====
Adzaay alignment is tripartite, so nouns and pronouns are differentiated for subject, object, and agentive roles by use of case affixes and/or particles.

====Headedness====
Adzaay is predominantly head-final, and this is reflected in many of its more granular alignments.

====Noun Phrases====
In noun phrases, nouns are always initial, followed (in order) by adpositions, demonstratives, numerals, adjectives or adjective phrases, genitive or genitive phrases, and finally relative clauses.

====Adjective Phrases====
In adjective phrases, (adverbial) measurements of degree (very, less, too, &c.) follow the adjective.

====Verb Phrases====
As mentioned in Typology, Adzaay is a verb-final language, and as such, adverbs always immediately precede the verb. Verbs inflect for person, number, polarity, voice, mood, tense, and aspect.

===Nouns===

====Cases====
Adzaay has several cases which regulate the roles various words play in a sentence.

=====Absolutive=====
The absolutive case is used for the subjects of intransitive verbs.

=====Ergative=====
Ergative is used with the subjects of transitive verbs when there is a direct object present.

=====Accusative=====
Accusative indicates a direct object.

=====Dative=====
The use of the dative in Adzaay is slightly more restrictive than it may be in other languages. It specifically invokes the meaning of ‘to’ or ‘towards’.

=====Ablative=====
Many languages have an “ablative” case, though it rarely means the same thing from one language to another. In Adzaay, the ablative is the exact inverse of the dative, invoking the meaning of ‘out of’ or ‘from’.

=====Genitive=====
The genitive deals with possession and relation. There is a bit of overlap with the ablative.

=====Oblique=====
The oblique isn't so much a case as an anti-case: This is the “Dictionary Form” of Adzaay nouns, and is not inflected at all. It is mainly used with adpositions, or for mentioning things in a list.

====Classes====
There are only three noun classes in Adzaay, so one might be tempted to call them “genders,” but that term really doesn't work well here, considering that all of the human genders which usually serve as examples of the various grammatical genders all fall into a single noun class. Adzaay nouns are divided into Animate, Inanimate, and Abstract classes.

=====Animate=====
Animate nouns are quite literally comprised of things which are alive. This includes, but is not limited to men, women, children, dogs, cows, grass, trees, moss, cauliflower, and caterpillars. Some dynamic nouns may be considered animate even if they are not alive in the traditional sense, such as fire, running water, wind, or weather.

=====Inanimate=====
Inanimate nouns are things which are not alive. They may be things which are no longer alive (such as wood or leather) or things which do not presently show signs of life, but which may become alive in the future (like seeds or eggs). Some inanimate nouns include wood, stone, metal, houses, rice, books, salt, and soil.

''*Note to self: What about body parts and plant parts, like heart, arm, brain, trunk, and leaf?''

=====Abstract=====
Abstract nouns are concepts, ideas, or non-substantives, like feelings, concepts, and symbolic thought. These include compassion, love, anger, war, kerfuffle, hope, tarnation, thought, and stubbornness.

===Verbs===

====Tenses====

=====Past=====

=====Present=====

=====Future=====

====Aspect====

=====Perfect=====

=====Progressive/Imperfect=====

=====Iterative/Habitual=====

====Mood====

=====Indicative=====

=====Potential/Conditional=====

=====Imperative/Jussive=====

==Vocabulary==
'''[https://linguifex.com/wiki/Category:Ox-Yew_words Key vocabulary can be found here.]'''

==Syntax==

''(...yeah, yeah, I'll get around to it...)''